Insegurança alimentar e fatores socioeconômicos de gestantes assistidas em atenção primária à saúde de Cajazeiras-PB

Abstract

Introduction: Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) is defined as the right of every person to access regular and permanent food in sufficient quantity and quality, without compromising access to other essential needs. The FNS is essencial during pregnancy, since adequate nutrition during this period has an important role in achieving healthy results, for both the pregnant woman and the baby. Many socioeconomic factors are identified as risk factors for food insecurity, especially for pregnant women. Objective: To analyze the association between food insecurity and socioeconomic factors of pregnant women assisted in primary health care in Cajazeiras-PB. Methodology: Cross-sectional quantitative research, carried out with 99 pregnant women assisted in primary health care in Cajazeiras-PB. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) was used to identify food (in) security (dependent variable) and an elaborate questionnaire for socioeconomic characteristics (independent variables). A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between socioeconomic factors and food insecurity, variables with p<0.05 remained in the final model. Results: 44.4% of the pregnant women interviewed had some level of food insecurity. Households headed by pregnant women were more likely to have food insecurity (OR= 0,440; IC 95%: 0,195 -0,992; P=0,048). Conclusion: A high prevalence of pregnant women with some level of FNI (Food and Nutrition Insecurity) was found in the data of this research. Homes where a pregnant woman was considered the head of the household were more likely to experience insecurity. More studies on the subject are required in order to contribute in decision-making and also the creation of policies and programs to guarantee the FNS for pregnant women.