DSpace Collection:https://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/402026-04-27T07:58:09Z2026-04-27T07:58:09ZOrganização internacional do trabalho: uma abordagem sobre a desconstrução dos direitos sociais e o combate à precarização do trabalho no Brasil. 2025https://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/81152026-04-17T19:21:41Z2025-10-08T00:00:00ZTitle: Organização internacional do trabalho: uma abordagem sobre a desconstrução dos direitos sociais e o combate à precarização do trabalho no Brasil. 2025
Abstract: The growing precarization of labor relations, intensified by normative reforms and
the expansion of the platform economy, has challenged the effectiveness of social
rights in Brazil. Within this context, the research examines the role of the
International Labour Organization (ILO) in the construction and deconstruction of
such rights, seeking to understand the extent to which International Law can
contribute to containing setbacks. The relevance of the study lies in the ILO’s
unique position as a global normative and political framework, whose minimum
labor protection standards interact directly with Brazilian constitutional principles. A
deductive, qualitative approach was adopted, based on bibliographic and
documentary research, and guided by juridical-dogmatic and comparative methods.
The findings show that although the ILO has significant regulatory and supervisory
instruments, its effectiveness in Brazil is conditioned by domestic incorporation,
political will, union mobilization, and judicial performance. The analysis of the 2017
Labour Reform and the platform economy highlights the tension between
flexibilization and social protection, revealing the ILO mainly as a critical benchmark
and a tool of resistance against labor rights setbacks.; RESUMEN
El creciente proceso de precarización de las relaciones laborales, intensificado por
reformas normativas y por la expansión de la economía de plataformas, ha puesto
en cuestión la efectividad de los derechos sociales en Brasil. En este contexto, la
investigación analiza la actuación de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT)
en la construcción y deconstrucción de esos derechos, buscando comprender en
qué medida el Derecho Internacional puede contribuir a contener retrocesos. La
relevancia del estudio deriva del papel singular de la OIT como eje normativo y
político global, cuyos parámetros mínimos de tutela laboral dialogan con los
principios constitucionales brasileños. Para ello, se adopta un enfoque deductivo,
de naturaleza cualitativa, basado en investigación bibliográfica y documental. Los
resultados demuestran que, aunque la OIT dispone de instrumentos de
normativización y control, su efectividad en Brasil está condicionada a la
incorporación normativa, a la voluntad política, a la movilización sindical y a la
actuación del Poder Judicial. El análisis de la Reforma Laboral de 2017 y de la
economía de plataformas evidencia tensiones entre flexibilización y protección
social, revelando a la OIT sobre todo como un parámetro crítico y de resistencia
frente a retrocesos laborales.
Type: Dissertação2025-10-08T00:00:00ZDireito comparado: sentença canônica de nulidade matrimonial e sua incorporação no ordenamento brasileirohttps://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/81062026-03-31T20:03:17Z2025-10-20T00:00:00ZTitle: Direito comparado: sentença canônica de nulidade matrimonial e sua incorporação no ordenamento brasileiro
Abstract: In this dissertation, the autor aims to contribute in the improvement of national legal knowledge, especially in the field of comparative matrimonial law, in order to promote and encourage the correct implementation of Canon Law within national territory, displaying that the Ecclesiastical Law has a strong influence on the origins of Brazilian legislation, in order to avoid the production of undesirable effects due to the internalization of canonical judgements. Thus, it discusses primarily the internalization within the Brazilian legal system – in the extrajudicial sphere and throught action before the Superior Court of Justice – of judgement of canonical matrimonial nullity, handed down by the Ecclesiastical Courts, pervading, so, by a study about comparative law; the Brazil-Holy See Agreement; the institutions of marriage in the Brazilian Civil Code and in the Canonical Code; the grounds for nullity and voidability, as well as their implications; the jurisdiction for the recognition of foreign judgments in Brazilian territory, and the requirements for this procedure. The study's relevance is evident in light of the growing number of canonical marriage nullity cases before the Ecclesiastical Court of the Diocese of Santos – which can trigger actions before the domestic judiciary to homologate a foreign judgement, and even attempts to internalize it directly in the extrajudicial registry – as well as in view of the originality of the research in the academic field. In the social field, the failure to correctly apply legal concepts can result in undesirable effects, affecting the patrimonial and personal rights of the parties. Thus, the initial guiding question is whether or not it is necessary to homologate all canonical judgements of matrimonial nullity, given the legislative change that waives the homologation before the Superior Court of Justice of foreign rulings of consensual divorce (CPC, art. 961, §5). Concluding that the institute of canonical matrimonial nullity and consensual divorce are incompatible, and therefore, the need for homologation prevails, the paradigm judgments handed down by the Superior Court of Justice on the matter and the existence of technical errors that compromise the correct application of the law are analyzed, unfolding in the effects resulting from homologation in spite of the notorious incompatibility of the institutes.
Type: Dissertação2025-10-20T00:00:00ZIrmandade ou (in)tolerância: o repensar da luso-brasilidade para uma cooperação Brasil-Portugal contra a xenofobia e o racismohttps://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/81052026-03-31T19:22:32Z2025-10-20T00:00:00ZTitle: Irmandade ou (in)tolerância: o repensar da luso-brasilidade para uma cooperação Brasil-Portugal contra a xenofobia e o racismo
Abstract: Over the last two hundred years, Brazil and Portugal have experienced adverse moments in their political and social relations, facing structural dilemmas that date back to the colonization period and have characterized the basis of bilateral dialogues in the social, economic, migratory, legal, and political spheres, resulting in secular distancing and rapprochement. In the contemporary era, the two countries have stabilized their political exchanges through joint government efforts to promote a Luso-Brazilian community, based on the ideal of brotherhood between peoples and emphasized in political summits, multilateral forums, and media discourse. However, despite this emphasis, recent decades have seen an escalation of hostility in social relations between Brazilians and Portuguese, with Brazilian immigrants increasingly reporting physical, moral, verbal, and psychological abuse in Portugal. The current degradation of the human rights of Brazilian immigrants in the country finds space in the propagation of contemporary extremist and nationalist discourses, of a xenophobic and racist nature, which seem to be linked to the old stereotypes attributed to Brazilians since colonization and the reworking of old imperial hierarchies between peoples. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that, even with the evolution of exchanges between the states, the actions of the public authorities of both countries have historically been inefficient in enacting legal and political measures aimed at a complete decolonization and a break with colonialist impressions. Instead, more utilitarian exchanges were conducted, which, in the somewhat vague discourse of fraternal Luso-Brazilianism, provided political and capital gains for the ruling elites to the detriment of the most vulnerable population. The result of this process would be the non-elimination of social tensions that generate the discourses currently observed, from the popular sphere to the center of the State, jeopardizing the fundamental rights of the victims. This study is divided into three chapters, carried out using a hypothetical-deductive method and documentary and bibliographic research methodology, using an interdisciplinary approach mainly between History, International Relations, and International Human Rights Law. The main objectives of the text are to understand the possible correlation between the political use of Luso-Brazilian identity and the current scenario of violence; to ascertain which legal loopholes and political movements foster the proliferation of hatred in Portugal and to understand the patterns of violence; to outline prospects for Brazil-Portugal cooperation capable of mitigating the advance of discrimination between peoples through interculturality. At the end of the study, elements of the established hypothesis are proven and a new effort is advocated for a transnational cooperation that addresses both the shared history and the political and cultural meaning of Luso-Brazilian identity, in addition to the internal legal systems of the States regarding discrimination. It is understood that this process requires bilateral and multilateral efforts and the appreciation of the contributions of various non-state actors involved in the debate, within a logic of strengthened governance.
Type: Dissertação2025-10-20T00:00:00ZJustiça ambiental: a vulnerabilidade humana decorrente do aquecimento globalhttps://tede.unisantos.br/handle/tede/81012026-03-25T21:01:03Z2025-09-30T00:00:00ZTitle: Justiça ambiental: a vulnerabilidade humana decorrente do aquecimento global
Abstract: Centuries of environmental degradation and intensive exploitation of natural resources have caused severe consequences for biodiversity, leading to global warming and extreme weather events. Global warming is a climatic phenomenon characterized by the rise in the Earth’s average surface temperature, associated with the emission of greenhouse gases resulting from the burning of fossil fuels, industrial activities, and deforestation. Any further increase in global temperature will directly affect human health, leading to higher mortality rates. However, climate change will not impact all populations equally, as those in vulnerable conditions will be the most affected. In this context, environmental justice emerges as a central element for understanding the interactions between social vulnerability and the climate crisis. The Paris Agreement sought to address this issue through mitigation targets and climate financing; however recent reports from the UNFCCC and UNEP highlight political stagnation, insufficient goals, and the risk of global warming exceeding 3ºC by the end of this century. The crisis of climate governance is marked by short-term economic interests, the lack of political will, and structural inequalities between the Global North and the Global South, reflected in the historical accumulation of emissions by industrialized powers in contrast with the vulnerability of developing countries. It is concluded that the climate emergency transcends the environmental sphere, constituting a political, ethical, and civilizational issue whose response requires a global commitment to climate justice, international solidarity, and respect for the environment.
Type: Dissertação2025-09-30T00:00:00Z