Relação entre poluição do ar e internações por doenças isquêmicas no coração, em adultos, na Cidade de São Paulo, estratificado por sexo, explorando estruturas de defasagens, para o período de 2000 a 2013

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and adults ischemic heart disease admissions (IHD) in São Paulo city, stratified by gender, exploring lag structures for the period from 2000 to 2013. The is an ecological time series study. The data referring to O3, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2, minimum temperature and humidity were obtained from the Environmental Company of São Paulo State (CETESB). Hospital admissions were obtained from the Public Health System database (DATASUS). It was used the descriptive analysis and Generalized linear model of Poisson regression with third-degree polynomials, considering a distributed lag of up to seven days after exposure as well as controlling for long-term seasonality, weekdays. The significant level was 5%. For an interquartile range increase in PM10 (24.29¿g/m³) no significant effects were observed for the age group 30 to 44. But for the age group 45 to 60, there was an increase due to men admissions for 3.30% (95% CI: 1.64-4.96) and for females 2.88% (95% CI: 1.42-4.33) on the day of exposure. An interquartile range increase in SO2 (7.63 ¿g / m³), there was an increase of 6.99% (95% CI: 3.31-10.67) and 2.46% (95% CI: 0 , 51-4,42) on the day and the day after of exposure in the age group 30 to 44, and an increase of 3.91% (95% CI: 2.38-5.44) and 1.92% (95% CI: 1.10-2.73) in the age group 45 to 60. For NO2, an interquartile range (50.22 ¿g / m³) increases the total admissions in 6.17% (95% CI: 2.80-9.53) on the day of exposure, demonstrating acute effect. Ischemic heart diseases present an acute effect on people exposure to air pollutants, affecting both gender in the age groups. It is important the implementation of public policies aiming at levels of concentrations that do not affect the population health.