Análise do uso de descongestionantes nasais isentos de corticóides no Município de Uiraúna-PB

Abstract

Introduction: Allergic diseases such as rhinitis present clinical manifestations more frequently during childhood and a significant increase in their prevalence and morbidity, where we can highlight several factors such as: increased environmental exposure, lifestyle changes, immunological reactivity and socioeconomic factors. Objective: To analyze the consumption of nasal decongestants of topical use without corticosteroids and the determining factors of this practice in the municipality of Uiraúna-PB. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, conducted in the region of the upper sertão of Paraiba in the municipality of Uiraúna-PB, through interviews with 110 people, who participated after signing the free and informed consent form. Two instruments were used: the questionnaire validated: International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC); and another self-administered questionnaire constructed by the researcher with sociodemographic information and on factors related to the use of non-steroidal nasal decongestants of topical use, the questionnaire was validated for the present study. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test was performed. The significance level was 5%. Statistical package used SPSS 24.0 for Windows. Results: One hundred and ten people participated in the research, most of them female (53.60%) and all interviewees were users of topical nasal decongestant. The vast majority were adolescents and young adults (35.4%) with incomplete higher education and who reported never performing a treatment to stop using the nasal decongestant (Chi-square test, p=0.004). When asked about the reason for the use of decongestants, the indication made by a friend/relative (n= 33 (61.1%) p=0.035) was the most frequent response. Most of the interviewees reported the use of nasal decongestant even after guidance from a professional (Chi-square test p=0.026) and who presented ocular and nasal signs and symptoms (Chi-square test p=0.040). Conclusion: Because they are drugs that are easy to acquire, without the need for a prescription or previous specialized guidance, there is incorrect use of topical nasal decongestants for a prolonged period favoring dependence on this product.