Síndrome de Burnout em motoristas de ônibus no municipio de João Pessoa -PB

Abstract

The bus driver carries out its activities, subject to particular conditions of employment, and exposed to urban violence. Chronic stressors, present in day-to-day of this professional, can be ssociated with the risk of Burnout Syndrome. The objective of this study was to evaluate some factors related to occupational stress and the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in the population of bus drivers in the city of Joao Pessoa PB. This study was descriptive, analytical, observational, cross-sectional, with quantitative approach. Demographic questionnaire and the MBI (Maslasch Burnout Inventory) were applied to drivers, in terminals of the burghs, in the city of Joao Pessoa, PB. Sample totaled 150 drivers. Analysis of data was performed using the SPSS 17.0. The association between variables was assessed using the Chi-square test and the Fisher¿s exact test, and the Pearson correlation for quantitative variables of interest. The level of significance was set at 5%. The drivers, all of whom were male, were between 22 and 59 years. 56.7% were from one to five years in the activity. 71.3% had monthly income less than two thousand reais. Only 2% have completed Higher Education. 52.7% ever had been victims of robbery. We found prevalence of 96% of individuals with medium risk to develop Burnout Syndrome. 76.7% and 86% with medium to high level of, respectively, Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization. And only 25% of the drivers had a high level of Personal Fulfilment at work. Paradoxically, a positive, although weak, correlation was observed between Emotional Exhaustion and the Personal Fulfilment at work. The bus drivers are exposed, day-to-day, to various types of stressors. Low wages and daily pressures, including robberies or aggressions, coexist in a process that can generate low levels of personal and professional achievement and risk of illness, including Burnout Syndrome. It is important to recognize the relevance of the topic, as well as intervene for improvements in working conditions, in the sense of the health promotion of the bus drivers.