Governança ambiental global : o papel dos atores não estatais para o fortalecimento da democracia ambiental participativa

Abstract

The conservation and management of common use resources has arisen as a popular subject on international negotiation rounds due to recurrent debate about resource shortage on home, regional or global spheres. It is required new skills for dialogue between the Government and non-governmental agencies in order to solve complex, overwhelming questions, such as biodiversity loss. This doctoral thesis is the outcome of a research which goal is to investigate non-governmental agencies participation on global environmental governance (GEG) for improving deliberative democracy on environmental issues, by analysing how those agencies alongside civil society can collaborate to increase popular representation on environment solutions, and set by a globalized social context. We presume the current model for environmental policies, which are almost exclusively executed by the government of sovereign states, has not been able to mitigate or solve contemporary environmental issues. So, we propose the global environmental governance model, by taking into account an ecologically-balanced environment as a human right, to become a new way of governing which might offer more effective and encompassing action plans. We intend to apply environmental public policies through multistakeholders, presuming networks are more effective, and we offer some cases of national and international networks already in place in the Brazilian Amazon area, as well as the commitment of civil society for the environmental protection. We also bring up the Regional Agreement on access to information, public participation and Justice in environmental matters in Latin America and the Caribbean ¿ the Escazu Agreement ¿ as a viable tool for improving Brazilian deliberative democracy on environmental issues. This research is composed of four chapters: The first one consists of Global Environmental Governance; the second one is about agencies on multistakeholder networking and collaboration of civil society; the third chapter consists of globalization and updated nuances of state sovereignty; and the forth one details how the Escazu Agreement can improve the Brazilian deliberative democracy on environmental issues. This work relies on the most notable international teachings which study the object, as well as on articles and official statements as supplement to this research.