Trabalho docente e alienação na percepção de professores de escolas privadas de Santos e São Vicente no Estado de São Paulo

Abstract

Is the teacher a worker? Does your work happen in an alienated way? The research seeks to answer these two fundamental questions for the discernment of the challenges and contradictions of teaching. The analysis starts from Bobbio's (1998) definition of the Modern State, in the context of the role of education, within the state organizational model, as an important part for the consolidation of capitalist relations. In Avritzer's (2018) concept of pendular democracy, we seek to think about the mechanisms of Brazilian politics, especially from the 1930s onwards, since in this period education began to arouse great interest in political actors. This is a qualitative investigation, in which the epistemological bases are based on the categories work, teaching work and alienation, thought from Marx (2010, 2014), and self-control, through the contributions of Mészáros (2007, 2008, 2015) and Freitas (2014), among other references, that allow establishing a contextualization of Brazilian education and its relations with disputes in the field of public policies under the influence of business reformers in the educational area. The procedures for the apprehension of the meanings constructed by the research participants include interviews with ten teachers from private schools in the cities of Santos and São Vicente (State of Sao Paulo), in the movement of unveiling the perceptions about the teaching work, seeking to identify in the reports the evidence of alienated and the concrete possibilities of practical experiences that indicate self-control, albeit with restrictions. The conclusions point to the vital need to create an alternative social order, in which teachers have control of their own time of their lives, overcoming the current societal organization, degrading to human beings, since it denies them the power of self-determination, as subjects real.