Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida de trabalhadores da Indústria de Calçados do sertão Paraibano

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Quality of life definition is complex and subjective, involving physical, technological and socio-psychological factors that affect the culture and renew the organizational climate and the welfare of workers. Workers are continuously in a process of adaptation and anxiety, which can lead to burnout syndrome. OBJECTIVES: Assess the quality of Life of workers in the Paraiba footwear industries. Characterize the epidemiological profile of workers as socio demographic variables, and identify the presence of Burnout Syndrome. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with the application of three questionnaires, the first with socio demographic data, the second quality of life assessment, Short Form 36 (SF36) which is a validated questionnaire, and finally, to verify the burnout syndrome using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The survey was conducted in the city of Patos-PB with 200 workers from the formal and informal industries. We performed the descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test followed by multiple comparisons test of Dunn. Was also held the Spearman correlation analysis. The significance level was 5%. RESULTS: 82.50% of the footwear industry workers are male, with a mean age of 34 years (SD = 10.7 years), 78.5 % received only a minimum wage and 52.0 % of the factories were of the formal type. With respect to the size of the factories, 45.50% were small and 45.0% of medium-sized. The worst scores, according to the SF36, were in relation to the general state of health and vitality, and in the fields of burnout, 47.0 % of participants found himself with an average index of the syndrome, showing the worst score in relation to Depersonalization (46.5%) and reduced Personal fulfillment (43.0%). Women showed a worse quality of life with respect to functional capacity, pain, social aspects and mental health than men (p < 0.001). In burnout domains women have the worst personal fulfillment (p<0.05). Formal workers have a better quality of life (p<0.001), and informal workers showed greater emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (p<0.001). With respect to industry size, the results showed that employees of small businesses has increased workload (p<0.05), but midsize companies present the best functional capacity, workers refer less pain, has better general health and vitality (p<0.05). When laminated with the domains of burnout big companies present greater personal breakdown and depersonalization (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Due to the fact that companies don't prioritise workers quality of life, rather than seek to encourage and increase the ability of its employees, mainly aiming to rise and professional fulfilment, are causing a greater number of workers to sacrifice his life and claims for businesses. Measures should be taken to improve the quality of life of those employees.