Avaliação da composição corporal de mulheres participantes de um programa ambulatorial de nutrição em grupo

Abstract

Introduction: Evaluation of body composition is essential for the diagnosis and management of many diseases, such as obesity. The prevalence of obesity has increased in recent decades and is considered a global epidemic. Being a multifactorial disease there are several ways to treat it, but nutritional intervention is taken as the basis of the patient's treatment is overweight. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the body composition before and after dietary intervention in women participating in an outpatient group nutrition. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study of the participants of a nutritional care program group. According to the inclusion criteria, composed the study sample a total of 145 women, 96 adults and 49 elderly. From the records of the program's patients have obtained sociodemographic data, health and anthropometric. To compare the variables of body composition before and after dietary intervention was held the Paired Student t-test. And to assess the proportions between body composition and sociodemographic parameters, health and labor were performed the chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests. Results: The improvement in body composition, assessed by the mean values of weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, lean mass and fat mass after the nutritional intervention was not significantly different. However, it was found that there was an improvement in anthropometric among most adult and elderly participants of the intervention, with a higher proportion of women was between 46 and 59 years in the evaluation of BMI (p> 0.01). With regard to testing proportions, it was found that a higher proportion of obese adult women in the income range between 3 and 5 minimum wages, both in the initial evaluation BMI (p <0.009), as the final evaluation BMI (p > 0.041). In the previous intervention assessment, the highest proportion of adult and elderly women with high fat percentage worked in day shifts (p> 0.042). As well as the highest proportion of adult women with significantly increased risk of having metabolic complications, measured by waist circumference after intervention, held day jobs (p> 0.048). Conclusions: We conclude that the 12-week dietary intervention program was effective for improving anthropometric profile of program participants, particularly among adult women undergoing change.