Análise do acesso aos serviços de imunização na atenção primária à saúde nos Municípios do Estado da Paraíba

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccination is one of the pillars of public health, being responsible for the control and elimination of preventable diseases. Brazil is going through a moment of decline in its vaccine coverage rates, since 2015, the reduction is multi-causal. It is necessary to study different aspects of this regression, including issues related to access and health services / vaccination room. Objective: To analyse the indicators related to access to vaccine rooms in primary health care in the municipalities of Paraíba in 2017. Method: It is a study of the mixed ecological type, being used the DPT1 Vaccine Coverage as a variable depends on the 223 municipalities of Paraíba and its relationship with other health and demographic indicators, which were used as independent variables. Descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, in addition to inferential statistics, univariate and later multiple logistic regression was performed on the variables with statistical significance. Results: the DPT1 CV was considered adequate in 120 municipalities (53.8%). The DPT1 vaccination coverage index showed an average percentage of 97.08% among the municipalities. The number of municipalities with a population living predominantly in rural areas with an average percentage of 43.5% while in urban areas was 56.01%. With regard to primary care coverage, an average of 97.08% was observed, while the percentage of live births with more than 7 prenatal consultations was 73.28%. The results of inferential statistics, it was observed that both the number of vaccine rooms per live birth and the coverage of primary care positively influence the DPT1 CV. However, only the variable coverage of primary care maintained statistical significance in the multiple model. Final Considerations: the indicators related to access to vaccine rooms, in primary health care, demonstrated that municipalities with adequate primary care coverage have better CV indexes of DPT1, making it a relevant index in our study. It presupposes, then, that the attention of high basic coverage adequately fulfills its duty while demographic data become irrelevant within an adequate health system, in our study.