Poder local e o exercício da governança para o atendimento da sustentabilidade ambiental no meio urbano

Abstract

Globalization has changed the dynamics of international relations, overcoming the classic conception of international action through Nation States and International Organizations. The environmental crises endured today challenge state entities distinct from the central power to act through governance in search of solutions. The present work, starting from considerations about globalization, governance and the new international actors, object of study of International Environmental Law, analyzes the evolution of local power in the Brazilian federation and its role in global terms. The autonomy constitutionally conferred in Brazil to the Municipalities and their narrow position in the federative pact, in financial and budgetary terms, to face the obligations imposed on them, leads to the search for alternatives in global terms. We seek to analyze paradiplomacy as a successful possibility for the local entity to solve urban and environmental issues. For the development of the research, human poverty and its effects on cities were addressed. We believe that irregular occupations, resulting from the lack of observance of the right to housing and other social rights, offend people's dignity of life, revealing the role of state entities in implementing efficient public policies to solve this situation. We approach the inter-federative governance, through the metropolitan regions, as an important instrument to meet the regional demands that are reflected in the lives of people in the cities. We proceeded with the analysis, seeking to bring up considerations about the city of São Vicente, which, like others in the country, suffers from serious problems inherent to irregular occupations in its territory and other socio-environmental conflicts that affect these areas. We conclude with the understanding that the performance of the local government through governance is the only way to seek to overcome the inefficiency of the other federal entities in addressing the social issues that hinder meeting the goals of global sustainability. Regarding the methodology, a systematic search of national and foreign bibliography and electronic sites was carried out, in the field of constitutional law, public international law, international environmental law and urban law, as well as research involving international relations, hard and soft law instruments, addressing the proposed themes, using the hypothetical deductive method.