Pré-natal odontológico materno-infantil na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation was to analyze, in the scientific literature, the contributions of dental prenatal care to the promotion of the oral health of pregnant people and their babies in Primary Health Care (PHC). This is an integrative literature review, conducted through a systematic search in national and international databases, such as: SciELO; PubMed; BVS (LILACS and MEDLINE). The Health Sciences Descriptors and their corresponding Medical Subject Headings in English were used. The study population consisted of pregnant people, and the phenomenon of interest was dental prenatal care in the context of Primary Health Care. The theoretical framework used was the concept of vulnerability. In the data search, 169 articles were found, which were submitted to the Rayyan platform; after data processing, 18 articles remained. Regarding the year of publication, one study was conducted in 2020 and one in 2021, six studies in 2022, five studies in 2023, three in 2024 and two in 2025. Regarding the place of publication, 13 studies originated from Brazil, two from Saudi Arabia, one from Iran, one from South Africa, and one from the United States. There was a predominance of quantitative designs: 12 studies, especially cross-sectional studies, involved secondary data analyses. The qualitative studies corresponded to six investigations, including one documentary study. The studies evidenced low adherence to and insufficient utilization of dental prenatal care, even in the face of high clinical need. The search for dental care by pregnant people occurred predominantly in situations of pain and urgency. The access barriers identified were: fears and myths, failures in professional training, and organizational difficulties in services, structural limitations, such as the absence of Oral Health Teams, and low working hours of dental surgeons, negatively impacting the provision of guidance and educational actions. Final considerations: Based on the National Oral Health Policy and the need to organize care in an integrated and coordinated manner within the Health Care Network, it is essential to strengthen the oral health care pathway within Primary Health Care.