Crianças negras na terra da caridade e da liberdade : um estudo sobre a inclusão de libertos nas escolas da cidade de Santos, do pós-abolição à 1960

Abstract

The present study has as its object of study the inclusion of black children in the educational process of schools in the city of Santos, a recognized stronghold of the country's abolitionist movement. Birthplace of quilombos, the city maintained a society based on very peculiar interracial relations. The phrase adopted on the coat of arms of Santos ¿Land of charity and freedom!¿ was used as the modal axis of the research. to determine the possible contradictions in the schooling process of their black ¿sons¿ and ¿daughters¿, ex-captives or free, in front of a Santos elite resulting from a slave-owning Brazil, between the post-abolition period until the 1960s from iconographic sources, the research hypotheses were met, from the establishment of the standards that constituted the modus vivendi and the modus operandi of the society of the time, as well as the understanding of the historical context that was established from the official liberation of the slaves and of the Proclamation of the Brazilian Republic. In addition to the photographic collection, documentary sources were used, such as reports by literary inspectors, class maps, crafts, exam minutes, newspapers, petitions, among others, included in public and private collections. The narrative of this study was built more by absences than by protagonism, since depending on official and documentary information related to blacks and education is still a great challenge.