A evolução da economia circular no Brasil através da implementação da logística reversa

Abstract

The Circular Economy is a process inspired by the functioning of nature, which, through innovation based on the closed life cycle of products, reduces the consumption of natural resources and encourages the recovery of waste and residues. The National Solid Waste Policy instituted by Law No. 12,305 of August 2, 2010, presented several instruments and means of implementation, with the objective of recovering solid waste avoiding its incorrect final disposal. Among these, reverse logistics stands out as an instrument of mandatory implementation, of economic and social development, which covers actions and conduct processes with the objective of collecting and rebreathing solid waste generated after consumption, for reuse in the production cycle, whether in the own or not. Since then, several actions have emerged for the implementation of reverse logistics in the country, such as the proposal and signing of sectoral agreements and terms of commitment, and the dispatch of regulations by the Government. In this interim, the General Packaging Sector Agreement was established in 2015, with a view to implementing its respective reverse logistics. Subsequently, in May 2020, the Term of Commitment for the Implementation of Actions aimed at the Circular Economy was put into public consultation, also focused on the packaging of consumer goods. The objective of this work is to discuss the potential to stimulate the Circular Economy in the regulation of reverse packaging logistics in general, through the case study of the evolution from the Sector Agreement to the Term of Commitment. The method adopted was the inductive, based on the content obtained through bibliographic survey and documentary research, analysis of information produced by the government, the business sector, the waste pickers' associations, as well as the Academy. It was concluded that the Term of Commitment put into public consultation does not replace that agreed in the Sector Agreement, because it does not cover mechanisms that implement and increase the reverse logistics of packaging, because it does not detail the responsibilities of the actors who sign it; for not presenting educational actions, encouraging consumer engagement; and for also not specifying the actions to promote the associations of waste pickers, among others.