Aspectos socioambientais da regularização fundiária na área continental do Município de Santos/SP

Abstract

This paper addresses irregular occupations that are established without complying with constructive and urban standards, without the monitoring of basic urban infrastructure and community equipment, contrasting with fundamental rights so important for society, such as the ecologically balanced environment and the right to decent housing. For this purpose, the Caruara neighborhood in the municipality in the municipality of Santos, metropolitan region of the Baixada Santista, was chosen as the object of study, in view of the way of urbanization of the region in which the municipality is inserted, marked by summer tourism and territorial discontinuity due to the implementation of aimed at this activity. The analysis of the historical process of urbanization in Brazil, the State of São Paulo and the municipality of Santos, we tried to clarify why irregular occupations occur with serious socio-environmental impacts. In a more direct approach, the conflict between the right to housing and the right to the sustainable environment was discussed, in order to identify strategies for land regularization effectively, bringing guidelines found in plans and projects of the municipality of Santos itself. Caruara has irregular occupations in areas of permanent preservation, in areas of the Union and in the ""Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar"" requiring the identification of causes and ways that can be regularized or relocated, bringing social well-being to the population. Santos, for decades, has implemented land regularization projects, including in areas of environmental preservation, which are examples that must be followed in the Caruara neighborhood. However, with the evolution of federal legislation on the matter, an important opportunity to operate in the chosen neighborhood opens. Thus, normative evolution was analyzed, focusing on urban land regularization and the solution of socio-environmental issues, and can transform these informal settlements into sustainable neighborhoods.