Impactos ambientais da indústria de siderurgia na região PreAmazônica (MA) - caso Pequiá de Baixo

Abstract

This study investigates the complex interaction between industrial development and socio-environmental impacts in the city of Açailândia, Maranhão, focusing on the community of Pequiá de Baixo. The study analyzes how steel activity, a key factor in the region's economic and demographic growth, generates significant consequences for the environment and society. Based on the principle that the environment is a common good, as established by the Federal Constitution of Brazil, the research highlights the need for environmental protection integrated with human rights. The methodology adopted is based on a bibliographic and documentary approach. Using the hypothetical-deductive method, the research explores the possibility of mitigating the environmental impacts resulting from productive activity in Açailândia, amid economic growth. The analysis focuses on the relationship between urban planning and steel activity, the influence of the Carajás Project on the region's urban identity and its impact on the life of the local community. The study highlights the importance of community participation and transparency in public policies. The dissertation details the specific socio-environmental impacts faced by the Pequiá de Baixo community, highlighting how exposure to pollutants and environmental degradation directly affect the quality of life of residents. The research also addresses community mobilization in search of justice and accountability for polluters, as well as the social function of private property. The need to balance private interests with collective well-being and environmental sustainability is highlighted. Additionally, the dissertation discusses the importance of efficient public policies, responsible environmental management, environmental education and awareness, and the development of sustainable strategies by companies. The story of Pequiá de Baixo is presented as a vital case study for understanding the dynamics between industry, environment and community, offering important lessons for regions with similar challenges. The research concludes by emphasizing the need for a balance between industrial development, environmental sustainability and social well-being, providing valuable insights into the impact of steelmaking activity and how urban planning can contribute to mitigating these impacts, promoting sustainable and fair growth.