A aplicação da doutrina da responsabilidade de proteger na proteção de migrantes forçad@s: a responsabilidade de prevenir

Abstract

Migration flows have always been linked to the history of humanity. In the last few years the number of people moving has been increasing, with data from the International Organization for Migration pointing out that currently around 3.5% of the world population is living outside their country of origin. This phenomenon also impacts forced migrations. Forced migration embrace the movements of those in whom the will to migrate is in some way vitiated; whose mobility is not a supported idea of voluntariness. In this context, there is specific protection for refugees, but forced migrations are not limited to refuge alone, they encompass other forms depending on what motivated the need for displacement. Despite the increase in the number of people in this situation, there was no growth and adequate reinforcement of national and international laws to protect them. On the contrary, there are increasing restrictions on migration. The international doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect can be an alternative to help increase the protection of forced migrants. This doctrine, originally established in the context of debates on sovereignty and humanitarian interventions, is divided into three pillars. The first, the responsibility to prevent, the second, the responsibility to react and finally, the responsibility to rebuild. This dissertation focuses on the first pillar of the responsibility to protect - the responsibility to prevent, in order to verify whether its use would prevent the reason that cause the displacement from coming to occur. Thus, it works with ¿root causes¿ and prevention. The objective is, therefore, to analyze the adequacy of the application of the responsibility to prevent in the context of forced migrations, from the perspective of International Human Rights Law, aiming to help protect forced migrants.